In our All About Climate we talk about the solar cycle (soon to be updated in a paper to be published by the Fraser Institute) and using empirical methods to predict the solar and the likely results. We recently featured numerous papers that addressed this issue including this and this. 

The current solar cycle is the longest since the early part of the 20th century.  Solar minimum has yet to be reached, indeed there have been no signs yet of the start of cycle 24. In this paper in 2006 in the GRL, Clilverd et al. used a model for sunspot number using low-frequency solar oscillations, with periods 22, 53, 88, 106, 213, and 420 years modulating the 11-year Schwabe cycle, to predict the peak sunspot number of cycle 24 and for future cycles, including the period around 2100 A.D.  The good hindcasting results suggest this methodology has promise and that weaker and colder solar cycles are in our future the next few decades. They expect cycles 24 and 25 will have peak sunspot levels between 40 and 50 (cycle 23 which peaked in 2000, had a peak of 120, cycles 21 and 22 peaked near 160).  Low sunspot cycles of long length tend to bring about widespread global cooling.

In the food-versus-fuel debate, there’s little doubt where Norman Borlaug’s heart lies. The father of the “Green Revolution,” Borlaug’s life has been dedicated to increasing the food supply in the developing world. His work with grains is credited with saving millions of lives, and in 1970, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

Today’s food-versus-fuel debate has a new element since 1970: growing concern about global climate change. Count Borlaug as a skeptic. “I do believe we are in a period where, no question, the temperatures are going up,” he said.  “But is this a part of another one of those (natural) cycles that have brought on glaciers and caused melting of glaciers?”

So Borlaug, now 93, watches with dismay as ever-greater amounts of the world’s grain are turned into motor fuel for developed nations. It isn’t going to solve our energy problems, and it’s going to disrupt our food system,” Borlaug said Thursday.  See full story here (you will need to create a free account).

Mars has gone through 40 ice ages during the past five million years that regularly send the planet’s permanent ice sheets cascading toward the equator, then melting backward, a new theory suggests. The climate changes are likely driven by cyclical fluctuations in the planet’s orbit that alter the amount of sunlight that falls on the planet’s surface, says astronomer Norbert Schörghofer of the University of Hawaii at Manoa.

Understanding the sun’s exact role in the Martian ice ages could help solve longstanding puzzles about the red planet. It could also help scientists better understand Earth’s complex
climatic systems, which are also affected by orbital variations. The new theory appears in this week’s issue of the journal Nature. See National Geographic News story here.

In recent years extensive amounts of ice have been discovered below the surface of Mars. Much of the ice mysteriously survives far from the planet’s poles. (Related photo: “‘Frozen Sea’ Seen on Mars [February 23, 2005].)

A first examination of the theory will arrive with the Phoenix lander, already en route to Mars for a 2008 landing. The craft will try to sample Martian ground ice, and the results could make or break Schörghofer’s theory. (Related photo gallery: ”Phoenix Lander’s Search for Mars Water” [August 3, 2007].)

Imagine basing a country’s energy and economic policy on an incomplete, unproven theory — a theory based entirely on computer models in which one minor variable is considered the sole driver for the entire global climate system.

This is precisely what former Vice President Al Gore, Senate Environment Committee Chairman Barbara Boxer and others want their nation to do. They expect Americans to accept on blind faith the thesis that human carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are causing catastrophic climate change. Boxer, Gore and their allies readily resort to emotional bullying against anyone who dares question this dogma.

The scientific method, which even grade-schoolers know, provides that science advances through hypotheses based on a set of assumptions. Other scientists challenge and test those assumptions in what philosopher Karl Popper called the practice of “falsibility.” Trying to disprove hypotheses is what real science is all about. Yet the hypothesis that human addition of CO2 would lead to significantly enhanced greenhouse warming was quickly accepted without this normal scientific challenge.

As Dr. Richard S. Lindzen, professor of meteorology in MIT’s Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences said, consensus was reached before the research had even begun. Adherents to the hypothesis began defending the increasingly indefensible by launching personal attacks, essentially trying to frighten scientific opponents into silence.

Much to the frustration of alarmists, however, solid scientific evidence continues to mount against the flawed notion that human CO2 emissions are a problem. For instance, NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) just made significant changes to its temperature records, downgrading the magnitude of recent rises.  Read more here.

The debate over global warming has taken a pretty odd twist in Northern California. Up on Mount Shasta, the glaciers are not behaving like you’d expect.

Big mountains often produce their own weather patterns. Mount Shasta, at 14,162 feet seems to have a mind of its own these days. Shasta has seven glaciers. The biggest is the one on the middle, Whitney Glacier. What has surprised scientists about the glacier is that if the theories about global warming are true, the glacier ought to be shrinking, but it’s not.

“Unlike most areas around the world, these glaciers are advancing, they are growing. Thirty percent in the last fifty years,” says scientist Erik White. So why are the glaciers larger today than they were a century or more ago?  “Mount Shasta is right at the very northern end of areas influenced by El Nino and we’re at the southern end of areas affected by La Nina. So between the two we get to see the benefits of that which means more snow and rain in this area,” says White.

Read more here.

Whitney and Bolam Glaciers - photo by Linda Freeman, 1998